Enhanced morphologic traits and medicinal constituents of octaploids in Satureja mutica, a high-yielding medicinal savory

Authors

  • Anahita Shariat Biotechnology Resesarch Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran
  • Fatemeh Sefidkonb Medicinal Plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1264

Keywords:

octaploid plants, polyploidy, phytochemical properties, genome size

Abstract

Satureja mutica is a tetraploid and perennial semi-bushy plant cultivated for different medicinal purposes. To induce polyploidy, two-leafed seedlings were exposed to different concentrations (0.00, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 % w/v) and durations (6, 12, and 24 h) of colchicine. The seedlings were then transferred to a culture medium for recovery and propagation. After clones were prepared from each seedling, octaploid clones were identified using flow cytometry. Chromosome counting was also used to confirm flow cytometric results in tetraploid (2n = 4x = 60; 2C DNA= 1.90 ± 0.01 pg) and octaploid (2n = 8x = 120; 2C DNA= 3.82 ± 02 pg) plants. The highest polyploidy induction efficiency with 32% was related to 0.05 % colchicine and 12 h duration. The results showed that the phenotypic traits of anatomical (stomata size, leaf guard cell size), morphological (stem diameter, length, width, and leaf area), physiological (soluble sugars, phenols, and flavonoids), and phytochemical (essential oil yield, P-cymene, ?-Terpinene, ?-Thujene, and ?-Pinene) properties significantly increased in octaploid plants, while the density of leaf stomata decreased compared to tetraploid plants. Our results verified that octaploid induction in Satureja mutica is an effective breeding method, remarkably increasing the quantitative and qualitative characteristics, which could be used as a new genetic resource in future breeding programs.

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Published

2022-07-07

How to Cite

Shariat, A., & Sefidkonb, F. (2022). Enhanced morphologic traits and medicinal constituents of octaploids in Satureja mutica, a high-yielding medicinal savory. Caryologia, 75(1), 41–53. https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1264

Issue

Vol. 75 No. 1 (2022)

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