Chromosomal characterization mediated by karyomorphological analysis and differential banding pattern in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.): a neglected legume

Authors

  • Indranil Santra Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata -700118 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7882-0090
  • Diptesh Biswas Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata -700118 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-8543
  • Biswajit Ghosh Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata -700118 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-2088

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-2159

Keywords:

Trigonella foenum-graecum, Karyotype, CMA-DAPI, AgNOR, Fenugreek

Abstract

Fenugreek or Trigonella foenum-graecum L. is a commercially important yet neglected crop of the family Fabaceae, with potent medicinal applications, and can treat several diseases as well. Conventional breeding studies for higher yields of commercial crops largely depend on chromosomal information of the particular species. Despite a number of cytological research being conducted on T. foenum-graecum, a complete characterization of its chromosomes has not been achieved due to the limitations of traditional karyotype analysis methods. A range of chromosomal markers are advantageous to characterize at full extent and identify individual chromosomes rather than relying on only physical metrics. Thus, in this study, in addition to giemsa staining, other approaches like fluorochrome and silver staining were used for the precise karyomorphological analysis of this species. Enzyme maceration and air drying (EMA) based fluorochrome banding with GC-specific stain Chromomycin A3 (CMA), and AT-specific stain 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) applied for the first time for chromosome characterization. The results showed 2n = 16 chromosomes in metaphase cells, with karyotype formula of 2m+6sm. The unique banding pattern observed in the CMA/DAPI and AgNOR staining highlights the AT and GC-rich regions as well as the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs). All this crucial information can further assist in conducting breeding studies of more precision with simultaneously encouraging similar studies that need to be done in other unexploited species of importance.

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Published

2024-02-29

How to Cite

Santra, I., Biswas, D., & Ghosh, B. (2024). Chromosomal characterization mediated by karyomorphological analysis and differential banding pattern in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.): a neglected legume. Caryologia, 76(3), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-2159

Issue

Vol. 76 No. 3 (2023)

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Copyright (c) 2023 Indranil Santra, Diptesh Biswas, Biswajit Ghosh

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