Incidence and frequency of desynapsis in Eremurus persicus (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss.(Asphodelaceae) – A native and important medicinal plant species of Western Himalaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-1904Keywords:
native, diplotene, metaphase, karyotype, fruit abortion, conservation, desynapsisAbstract
Eremurus persicus (Jaub. & Spach) Boiss. (Asphodelaceae); a little known species of genus Eremurus grows in arid and semi-arid regions, on rocky mountains in Central Asia and Middle East. The species is native and an important medicinal plant used to treat various diseases. In the current study, we examined male meiosis, karyotypic variability, pollen viability and reproductive output of three populations of the target species. All the studied populations have diploid chromosome count of 2n = 2x =14. Meiotic course in majority of the pollen mother cells (PMCs) in all the three populations is not normal due to the presence of desynapsis at diplotene and metaphase-I. Instead of 7IIs most of the PMCs examined reveal varying number of bivalents and univalents. Anaphasic segregation is also affected in few PMCs. Present study also revealed that the species has asymmetric karyotype of 10 long and 4 short chromosomes. Species exhibits fruit abortion that results in extremely low fruit/seed set. The meiotic abnormalities and low fruit/seed set may be attributed to restricted distribution of this important plant species. Present study may prove helpful in devising the conservation and management strategies for this prized plant species.
Downloads
References
Arano H. 1963. Cytological studies in subfamily Carduoideae (Compositae) of Japan.IX. The karyotype analysis and phylogenic considerations on Pertya and Ainsliaea. Bot. Mag. Tokyo 76:32-39.
Armstrong J M, Huskins CL. 1934. Further studies on the cytology of Mathiola incana. J. Genet. 29: 29-50.
Beadle GW.1933. Further studies of asynaptic maize. Cytologia. 4: 269-287. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.4:269
Bergner A D, Cartledge J L, Blakeslee A F. 1934. Chromosome behaviour due to a gene which prevents metaphase pairing in Datura. Cytologia 6: 19-37.
Celarier R P. 1955. Desynapsis in Tradescantia. Cytologia 20: 69-83.
Clausen R E. 1931. Inheritance in Nicotiana tabaccum XI. The fluted assemblage. Amer. Nat. 65: 316-331. https://doi.org/10.1086/280375
Dhesi J S, Minocha J L, Sidhu J S. 1975. Effect of minerals on the chiasma frequency in desynaptic pearl millet. Curr. Sci. 44: 862-863. https://www.jstor.org/stable/i24079462
Goodspeed T H, Avery P. 1939. Trisomics and other types in Nicotiana sylvestris. J. Genet. 3 (38): 381-458. https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jgen/038/03/0381-0458
Golubovskaya I N. 1979. Genetic control of meiosis. Int Rev Cytol 58:247–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-7696(08)61477-1
Gottschalk W, Baquar S R. 1971. Desynapsis in Pisum sativum induced through gene mutation. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 13: 138-143. https://doi.org/10.1139/g71-022
Hamal IA , Karihaloo J L.1983. Eremurus persicus Boiss.-An addition to the flora of Jammu and Kashmir state. Indian Journal of forestry.5(3):244.
Hashemi SJ, Asgarpanah J, Alaee Z, Sadeghian S, Hasani H, Azimi A. 2014. In vitro antifungal activity of four medicinal plants used inIranian traditional medicine. Res J Pharmacogn. 1: 39-43.
Huziwara Y. 1962. Karyotype analysis in some genera of Compositae. VIII. Further studies on the chromosome of Aster. Amer.J.Bot.49:116-119.
Johnsson, H.1944. Meiotic aberrations and sterility in Alopecurus myosuroides. Hereditas 30:469-566.
Karl HR. 1982. Liliaceae Eremurus species. Iran. Flora. 1-31.
Kemenetsky R, Akhmetova M.1994. Floral development of Eremurus altiacus(Liliaceae). Israel Journal of Plant Sciences. 42: 227- 233.
Khan SS, Ahmad VU, Saba N, Tareen RB. 2011. Eremurus persicus, a new source of medicinallyimportant compounds. Pak. J. Bot. 43(5):2311-2313.
Koller P C. 1938. Asynapsis in Pisum sativum. J. Genet. 36:275-306.
Koul AK, Paliwal RL. 1962. Agra. Univ.J. Research.11: 223.
Kumari K., Saggoo Manjit IS. 2016.Analysis of Meiotic Behavior in Eremurus himalaicus Baker (Liliaceae): A Rare Endemic Perennial from Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.81:447
Lamm R. 1936. Cytological studies on inbred rye. Hereditas 22:217-240.
Lavania UC, Srivastava S. 1999. Quantitative delineation of karyotype variation in Papaver as a measure of phylogenetic differentiation and origin. Curr. Sci.77:429-435.
Levan A., Fredga K., Sandberg AA. 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas 52:201-220.
Li H M, Pao W K., Li C. 1945. Desynapsis in common wheat. Amer. J. Bot. 32:92-101.
Mati E, de Bore H.2011. Ethnobotany and trade of medicinal plants in the qeysare market, Erbil, Kurdish autonomy region Iraq. J. Ethnopharmacol. 133: 490-510.
Paszko B. 2006. A critical review and a new proposal of karyotype asymmetry indices. Plant Syst Evol. 258(1-2): 39-48.
Peruzzi L, Leitch IJ, Caparelli K.F. 2009. Chromosome diversity and evolution in Liliaceae. Ann. Bot. 103( 93): 459-475.
Prakken R. 1943. Studies of asynapsis in rye. Hereditas 29: 475-495.
Rao P N. 1975. Desynapsis in Coix lacryma jobi caused by genotype-environment-interaction. Theor. Appl. Genet. 46:315-317.
Romeo Zarco C. 1986. A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon.35:526-530.
Safar KN, Osaloo SK, Zarrei M. 2009. Phylogeny of the genus Eremurus (Asphodelaceae) based on morphological characters in the flora Iranica area. Iran. J. Bot. 15:27-35.
Schiappacasse F, Szigeti JC, Manzano E, Kamenetsky R. 2013. Eremurus as a newcut flower crop in Aysen, Chile: introduction from the northern hemisphere. ActaHortic. 1002:115–122.
Therman E, Sarto GE. 1977. Premeiotic and early meiotic stages in the pollen mother cells of Eremurus and in human embryonic oocytes. Human Genetics
Upcott M. 1936. The origin and behaviour of chiasmata. XII. Erernurus spectabilis. Cytologia 7:118-130.
Vala MH, Asgarpanah J, Hedayati MH, Shirali J, Bejestani, FB. 2011.Antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of Eremurus persicus (Jaub. and Spach) Boiss. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res. 5(16): 2341-2352.
Venora G, Blangiforti S, Ruffini Castiglione M, Pignone D, Losavio F, Cremonini R. 2002. Chromation organization and computer aided karyotyping of Triticum durum Desf.cv. Timilia. Caryologia 55: 91-98.
Verma, S. 2001. Studies on reproductive biology and ex-situ conservation of some threatened
taxa of North-West Himalaya. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Jammu, Jammu, India.
Visser NC, Spies JJ, Venter, HJT.1999. The presence of synaptic and chromosome disjunction mutants in Cenchrus ciliaris (Poaceae: Paniceae). Bothalia 29: 327–334.
Watanbe K., Yahara T, Denda T, Kosuge K.1999. Chromosomal evolution in the genus Brachyscome (Asteraceae, Asterae): Statistical tests regarding correlation between changes in karyotype and habit using phylogenetic information. J. Plant Res. 112: 145-161.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Shivali Verma, Irfan I. Sofi, Manzoor A. Shah, Aijaz H. Ganie, Namrata Sharma
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Copyright on any open access article in a journal published byCaryologia is retained by the author(s).
- Authors grant Caryologia a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.
- Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
- The Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 formalizes these and other terms and conditions of publishing articles.
- In accordance with our Open Data policy, the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Public Domain Dedication waiver applies to all published data in Caryologia open access articles.
