Anther structure and pollen development in Jurinea kilaea Azn. (Asteraceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-2965Keywords:
anther wall, microsporogenesis, pollen development, Jurinea kilaea, AsteraceaeAbstract
In this study, anther wall structure and the embryological features of male gametophyte development in Jurinea kilaea from Asteraceae family are described for the first time. Capitula of different sizes containing young flower buds of J. kilaea was collected from Tekirdağ, Saray - Kastro coast in July 2022 – 2024. Anthers separated according to their sizes under a stereo microscope were passed through arising alcohol series and embedded in Hisstore. Toluidine blue O solution was used to stain the sections. Slides were examined with light microscope and photographed by an Olympus E330 camera. In J. kilaea, anthers are tetrasporangiate. Anther wall consists of the outermost epidermis, the endothecium, the middle layer and the innermost tapetum layer. Tapetum cells appear to have 1 or 2 nuclei. Tapetum is plasmodial type and, tapetum cells begin to degenerate towards the end of the tetrad phase. Microsporogenesis and pollen mitosis are generally regular. Asynchrony is observed during meiosis in young anther loci. Generally, decussate type tetrad was observed. Rarely pentads were also observed. Cytoplasmic channels were observed between microspores at different stages of microsporogenesis. The mature pollen grains of J. kilaea are generally composed of three nuclei and have a normal structure. However, there have been instances where pollen grains exhibit an abnormal structure. Pollen sterility ratio was found to be 12.1%.
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