Analysis of the chromosome variation within some natural populations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L., Fabaceae) in Algeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13128/caryologia-164Keywords:
Chromosomes, Intraspecific variability, Karyotype, Subterranean clover, Trifolium subterraneum L.Abstract
Nine natural populations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) coming from different eco-geographical sites of the North-East Algeria, have been studied for their chromosome number and karyotype features. The study is part of the evaluation and valorization of plant genetic resources of fodder and pastoral interest in Algeria. The results of mitosis detect two groups of populations, and reveal diversity in the number among and within populations. The Algerian populations of T. subterraneum are characterized by two chromosomic formulas. The first formula (2n=2x=16m) (median), more common in most of the studied populations, is in conformity with previous reports in this species. The karyotype of these populations is symmetrical for size and form. The second (2n=2x= 18m), is detected for the first time and described as a new chromosomal formula in T. subterraneum. The latter is relatively more frequent than the first one and characterizes the populations coming from high altitude areas. The karyotype (2n=2x=18m) is relatively symmetrical. At the level of the two established Karyotypes, satellites are highlighted at the first pair. A variation in the size and frequency of these satellites is observed. The species exhibits regular meiotic behaviour, confirming the presence of two basic chromosome numbers (x=8 and 9). The study also highlights the role of ecological factors (Altitude and Rainfall) of the originating environment of Algerian populations in the variation and evolution of chromosome numbers in T. subterraneum. The new cytogenetic data can be exploited in the taxonomy of the species in Algeria in order to select and develop this plant genetic resource in the agricultural field.
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References
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Ero?lu HE, Per S. 2016. Karyotype analysis of Zygoribatula cognata (Oudemans) (Acari: Oribatida: Oribatulidae). Turk Entomol. Derg. 40: 33-38.
Excel 2007. Windows 8. Microsoft office.
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Hezamzadeh Hijazi S M, Ziaeinasab M. 2006. Karyological study on some of species of Trifolium Genus in Iran. Iran. J. of Biol. 19 (3): 299 - 313.
Hejazi H, Mohsen S, Nasab MZ. 2010. Cytotaxonomy of some Onobrychis (Fabaceae) species and populations in Iran. Caryologia. 63(1):18–31.
Hutton EM, Peak JW. 1954. The Effect of autotetraploidy in five varieties of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) J.agrc .Res. 5: 356-364.
Issolah R, Abdelguerfi A. 1999 a. Variability within 31 spontaneous populations of Trifolium scabrum L., nature of relations with factors of the site of origin. Cahiers options méditerranéennes, 39: 123-127.
Issolah R, Abdelguerfi A. 1999b. Chromosome numbers within some spontaneous populations of Trifolium species in Algeria. Caryologia, 52: 151-154.
Issolah R. 2006. Synthese de travaux réalises sur des populations algeriennes de plusieurs espèces du genre Trifolium L. Workshop international « Diversité des Fabacees fourrageres et de leurs symbiotes : Applications Biotechnologiques, Agronomiques et Environnementales ». Alger, Algérie. 19-22 Février 2006: 81-83.
Issolah R, Benhizia H, Khalfallah N. 2006. Karyotype variation within some natural populations of Sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L., Fabaceae) in Algeria. Genet Resourc Crop. Evol. 53(8):1653– 1664.
Issolah R, Khalfallah N. 2007. Analysis of the morpho-physiological variation within some Algerian populations of Sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.; Fabaceae). J. Biol. Sci., 7: 1082-1091.
Issolah R, Tahar A, Derbal N, Zidoun F, Ait Meziane MZ, Oussadi A, Dehiles I, Bradai R, Ailane M, Terki N, Aziez F, Zouahra, A, Djellal L. 2012. Caracterisation ecologique de l’habitat naturel du Sulla (Fabaceae) dans le Nord-Est de l’Algérie. Rev. Ecol. (Terre et Vie), 67: 295-304.
Issolah R, Bouazza L, Tahar A, Terki N, Dehiles I, Mansour B, Nagoudi T. 2015. Caracterisation ecologique de l'habitat naturel du trefle souterrain (Trifolium subterraneum L., Fabaceae) dans le Nord- Est de l'Algerie. Rev. Ecol., 70: 182-193.
Issolah R, Tahar A, Sadi S, Adjebi M, Alane F, Chelling- Siziani, Lebied M. 2016. Analysis of the behaviour and the chemical composition within populations of Trifolium subterraneum L. J.Biol.Sci., 16: 148-154. doi:10.3923/jb.2016.148.154.
Jahier J, Chevre AM, Delourme R, Eber F, Tangay AM. 1992. Techniques de cytogénétique végétale. INRA. Paris, pp. 1-184.
Kiran Y, Sahin A, Turkoglu I, Kursat M, Emre I. 2010. Karyology of seven Trifolium L. taxa growing in Turkey. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 52: 81-85.
Kliphuis E. 1962. Chromosome numbers of some annual Trifolium species, occuring in the Netherlands. Acta Bot. Neerland 11: 90-92.
Katznelson J. 1974. Biological flora of Israel. 5. The subterranean clovers of Trifolium subsect. Calycomorphum Katzn. Trifolium subterraneum L. (sensu lato). Isr J Bot 23: 69-108.
Katznelson J, Morley F. 1965 a. Speciation processus in Trifolium suberraneum L. Israel J. Bot. 14:15-35.
Levan A, Freda K, Sandberg AA 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas. 52: 201- 220.
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2019-12-23
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Bouziane, Z., Issolah, R., & Tahar, A. (2019). Analysis of the chromosome variation within some natural populations of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L., Fabaceae) in Algeria. Caryologia, 72(4), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.13128/caryologia-164
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