A comprehensive study of UV-B effects on Salvia hispanica L. (Lamiaceae): Genetic variation and biochemical responses in M1 generation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-3729Keywords:
Salvia hispanica L., GC-MS analysis, chromosomal abnormality, UV-B short exposure, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), LD50Abstract
This study investigated the impact of different durations of UV-B exposure on Salvia hispanica L. The main objective was to assess the genetic and metabolic responses of chia plants, with a focus on morphological changes, phytochemical analysis, and cytological abnormalities. Chia seedlings were exposed to UV-B radiation for different periods, ranging from 0 to 50 minutes, with subsequent one-hour recovery periods at room temperature. The primary finding of this study was that subjecting chia seedlings to a moderate UV-B dose for 20 minutes yielded favorable outcomes. This included a significant increase in leaf area (9.02%) and a 25% increase in plant height compared to the control group, both of which were statistically significant (p<0.05). However, exposure to plant emergence of chlorophyll mutants (Xantha, semi-xantha, and Albina) and tall, bushy plant mutants in the M2 generation. In cytological observation resulted in chromosomal aberrations, such as stickiness, scattering, and unorientation, implying potential genotoxic impacts. Biochemical assessments revealed a significant increase in photosynthetic pigment content, particularly Chl a (12.91%) and Chl b (17.14%), both significantly elevated (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Metabolite analysis through GC-MS uncovered notable variations in fatty acid composition, with higher quantities of alpha-linolenic acid (1.24%), gamma-tocopherol (1.2%), and linolenic acid methyl ester (25.18%) observed in the treatment group exposed to short-wavelength UV-B compared to the control set.. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and practical applications of these findings.
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